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    Beginner Questions - March 01, 2019 web developers

    Beginner Questions - March 01, 2019 web developers


    Beginner Questions - March 01, 2019

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 05:17 AM PST

    If you're new to web development and would like to ask experienced and professional web developers a question, please post below.

    Etiquette

    • Remember, that questions that have context and are clear and specific generally are answered while broad, sweeping questions are generally ignored.

    • Be polite and consider upvoting helpful responses.

    • If you can answer questions, take a few minutes to help others out as you ask others to help you.

    submitted by /u/AutoModerator
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    Not sure where to post this, but be careful ordering from NameCheap unless you're 100% sure of your purchase. Charged my card for my cart without confirming order.

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 06:14 AM PST

    I just ordered a few domains off of NameCheap, and while I was at the Order Confirmation page (so the order was still pending until I hit the Confirm Order button at the bottom), my phone lit up and said I had made a successful payment in the full amount to NameCheap, yet I hadn't confirmed my order. I was going to purchase them anyways so I hit the button, it did a "payment processing" animation (even though the payment had already processed in full on the previous page), and there were no other hiccups... but I know some people deal with multiple-thousand dollar transactions on here that will edit their orders before confirming, and this may bite them in the ass and add unneeded headache.

    I contacted them via Live Chat, but they told me there is no known error, so it was either a one-time thing (no clue how that would happen), or it's a new bug.


    TL;DR: Something caused NameCheap to charge my card for my cart before I confirmed my purchase. Everything works fine, but be careful if you have a bloated cart of undecided purchases.

    submitted by /u/Emfx
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    Things you should know about JS events.

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 10:14 AM PST

    Typography for Developers

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 04:55 AM PST

    W3schools.dev Redirects to Mozilla Developer Network

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 10:53 AM PST

    Where do web agencies get clients?

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 04:17 AM PST

    I am not sure if this is the right subreddit for this question but here it goes. Where do web agencies find clients? Do they use some kind of platform or do they find clients via some kind networking or something else?

    submitted by /u/AthosBlade
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    What to use to send ~30 transactional emails / day? (priority deliverability)

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 06:36 AM PST

    Guys hi,

    As the title says i wonder what to use to send ~30 transactional emails / day and get them delivered?

    (open rate tracking will be also a plus)

    Current Set-Up

    Currently we are sending from our hosting (shared hosted)

    mail-tester shows 10/10 https://puu.sh/CTioO/ffce075cca.png with 2 warnings:

    Your reverse DNS does not match with your sending domain. (because of shared domain)

    Your message does not contain a List-Unsubscribe header (we do not send marketing emails so do not have list so to speak, but i guess we should add unsubscriber anyway)

    Problem

    Often emails are put into spam folder (main problem), and we'd like to have open rate tracking.

    Searching previous posts on the topic i learnt that we should use transactional email service. Looked into sendgrid, we fit in free plan, but free plans use shared IPs.

    This comparing post 3 years ago recommended PostMark for max deliverability, min plan 10,000 emails plan cost $10/month.

    One more comparing comment recommending PostMark if price is not concern and SparkPost if it is concern.

    submitted by /u/Bnooc
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    Professionals: How did you know you wanted to be Web Developers?

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 06:52 AM PST

    Good morning. I'm wondering how you knew 100% that you wanted to be Web Developers?

    What were some of your doubts, and convictions? Also what do you enjoy about being a Web Developer?

    submitted by /u/agent_wolfe
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    Is it true developers don't care about your degree? Should I study IT if I can't study CS?

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 10:51 AM PST

    I'll finish my AS in IT this May. I was planning on completing a BS in IT afterwards. However, I didn't realize I wanted to work in web dev until a couple months ago when I finished a basic JavaScript, HTML, and CSS class. I've started to read about web dev and a lot of people say you don't need a degree to work in the area if you prove your skills through a portfolio. Some people even say getting a degree for web dev would be a waste.

    Now I'm thinking about self-studying web dev and related topics for the next 2 years rather than doing the BS in IT. Main reasons I'm against the BS in IT: I'll be 20k in debt. Only a few classes are web dev or related. Almost all the students end up in IT consulting positions afterwards.

    Assuming I stick to a structured plan and create a good portfolio, would I probably be fine doing this self-study rather than finishing the BS in IT?

    Thank you and any tips are appreciated. Also, I'm in the USA if that matters

    submitted by /u/Mineral007
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    What are some great tips on building ReST APIs

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 06:55 AM PST

    What I do now is pretty much straightforward. Client send request a request. Get, Post or whatever. I process that request and then send the response with proper status codes. That's true that I'm bad at sending proper headers. So some tip on that will be also appreciated. There's security measure too. Client source will be different. Maybe Safari, Firefox or CLI.

    I was just wondering if I'm not writing according to the best practices. Since I know lots of basics, you can comfortably give me some intermediate & advance level tips. Even though I only know PHP & Python, you can give me some code example(if necessary) from other languages. Just comment a little bit so I can properly understand.

    Thanks in advance.

    submitted by /u/Tunliar
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    Are ARIA attributes optional?

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 10:19 AM PST

    I see them on a lot of CSS library examples. Honestly they tend to bog me down as I've never read much about them outside of the library examples I see.

    Are they only for helping the disabled or do they do things for normal web app users are well?

    submitted by /u/seands
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    Considering different appraoches around mongoose plugins in Node/Express apps

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 05:08 AM PST

    I'm looking for somebody who has worked with mongoose plugins and can help me talk through some architectural decisions about using them in a node express backend.

    Specifically I'm working with a few others on a project that includes an api generator and we landed on mongoDB, Node, Express. Progress is going OK, we have borrowed from some different plugins we found on github to achieve some core features we want to be able to support like i18n, query string searching and there will be others to follow.

    The problem we have is that some of these plugins are not going to play nice together. A query string tool that takes a query like /pages?title=about cannot write a proper mongodb query when our intl plugin has taken title: string and turned it in to title: {en: "about"} underneath it.

    So what do you do?

    Write plugins that have to be aware of one another—seems wrong

    Write an intl-query-string plugin for handling this specific problem when these paths cross—there will likely be other sets of plugins that aren't compatible either in our development or the users apps

    Build one god plugin that is the cats meow for what we think we want mongoose to do—then our end users are stuck guessing as to how to extend / decorate our black box

    Ditch mongoose plugins for pure JS solutions—in my dev experience I hate working with teams that have complex DB stored procedures and triggers to manage data, is the idea of a plugin for mongoose really any different from those awful beasts?

    submitted by /u/If_Life_Were_Easy
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    Has anyone made the jump from dev to team lead?

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 10:22 AM PST

    I'm thinking about making a career change and move towards becoming a team lead. I have 8 years professional experience as a developer and have worked as team lead in unofficial capacities (ie I was doing the work without the title). What are some things I can do to make my resume more appealing for these positions? I'm open to taking some online classes or getting certs.

    submitted by /u/the_amazing_spork
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    What's the day to day like at your developer job?

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 03:59 PM PST

    I just switched jobs and now work for a large company (used to work for 20 person company).

    I'm curious how stable dev/QA environments are at other companies? The QA and dev environments are constantly going down (at least once a day). QA environments are also refreshed with data periodically which makes login info useless.

    We do alot of our work on a localhost mock server which mocks hard coded server responses, but it's a pretty limited data set, and has it's own problems. I'm a front end developer by the way.

    What is the regularity of these things happening at other companies(big and small)? Also, what is your day to day like as far as hours, meetings, training etc?

    submitted by /u/jchaplin7
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    Automating Apache domain creation

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 05:52 AM PST

    EDIT: https://github.com/Absolum1/Apache-VHC use this, it works perfectly.

    What would be the best way and maybe someone has done this already, to automate creating domains and subdomains.

    I use virtualhosts so it needs a .conf file that is stored in etc/apache2/sites-available/ and there it has to be named the domain or subdomain (to make it easier) so for this example we will use foo.com and foo.foo.com.

    We start by creating the file foo.com.conf and foo.foo.com.conf in etc/apache2/sites-available/:

    touch foo.com.conf foo.foo.com.conf

    the files have to be filled with virtualhost settings so we create a template and fill it in:

    foo.com

    -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    <VirtualHost *:80>

    ServerAdmin [admin@foo.com](mailto:admin@foo.com)

    ServerName foo.com

    ServerAlias www.foo.com

    DocumentRoot /var/www/foo.com/public_html

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log

    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined

    </VirtualHost>

    -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    foo.foo.com

    -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    <VirtualHost *:80>

    ServerAdmin [admin@foo.foo.com](mailto:admin@foo.foo.com)

    ServerName foo.foo.com

    ServerAlias www.foo.foo.com

    DocumentRoot /var/www/foo.foo.com/public_html

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log

    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined

    </VirtualHost>

    -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    We also need to create the DocumentRoot(s):

    mkdir /var/www/foo.com/public_html /var/www/foo.foo.com/public_html

    They also need rights:

    sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /var/www/foo.com/public_html

    sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /var/www/foo.foo.com/public_html

    And finally we need to activate the files we created:

    sudo a2ensite foo.com.conf

    sudo a2ensite foo.foo.com.conf

    As you can see this is a lot of work every time you want to create a new subdomain.

    What would be the best language or is there already a tool out there that can automate this task by using one simple command or script that would work like:

    python3 createdomain.py

    >foo.com

    >success

    >Please restart your server via sudo systemctl restart apache2

    >foo.foo.com

    >success

    >Please restart your server via sudo systemctl restart apache2

    Even better would be autofilling the directories with preconfigured files:

    index.html (Simple Welcome to $domainname the server works)

    .htaccess (with my .htaccess config)

    And enabling ssl automaticly via certbot :

    sudo certbot --apache

    submitted by /u/wes_ly
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    Looking to host 5-10 websites on a shared hosting plan. Small business WP websites, not much traffic. Any recommendations?

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 06:12 AM PST

    I have a lot more, but to mitigate risk, I want only about 8 sites per hosting plan. Used A2, DreamHost, Godaddy - all shit. Some clusters work fine but most are over-loaded. We used to have servers we managed, but it was too stressful when they went down that all our clients sites went down. And we don't want to manage a server, at all.

    Anyone have any recommendations?

    submitted by /u/boessel
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    Need recommendations for toolset

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 02:29 PM PST

    TL;WR: see bold part

    Hi everyone, I got a project coming up and hoped you could help me to choose what tools I'm going to use for it.

    So I already made a few (static) websites using just plain HTML, CSS, Javascript. Now for the website I'm going to build I was planning to do the same but when evaluating the amount of content the site is going to have I thought I could make life a bit easier.

    The main problem I'm seeing is that I'm going to have a lot of pages on this website, and I would like to find some way to at least "outsource" the parts that will be the same on each page (i.e. the nav and footer). So that if I want to make changes on them, I will not have to go into every single HTML file to change it everywhere.

    I guess that's a common problem in web development so maybe there's a common solution that I haven't stumbled upon yet.

    I was looking into Vue.js recently, would it make sense to learn the basics and go with it? Or would this be overkill for a website that's not meant to have any dynamic content/features?

    Thanks in advance!

    submitted by /u/funky-bob
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    How to make a window which displays on user behavior?

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 06:37 AM PST

    I want to make a call to action window which will pop up when user is reading content and stays 10 seconds (for example) on a #section.

    Is there any tutorial u can give me near to the subject I described above?

    Sorry for my primitive English.

    submitted by /u/JackSparrowIRL
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    Question - Temporarily change CSS of website that doesn't go away on refresh?

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 01:25 PM PST

    Is there any way to make changes in the inspector sheet that don't get removed on refresh? I just want to play around with the style but sometimes I click on a link and my temporary changes get removed.

    submitted by /u/bloomt1990
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    How to overwrite BS embed styles to compensate for aspect with responsive video?

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 05:51 AM PST

    So, I'm trying to add a responsive video div to a single column style scrolling site done in Bootstrap 3. I know that I can use the embed-responsive class to implement what I want on desktop devices, but below 900px the video's dimensions make it such that the video's height doesn't fit the container anymore looking awkward. I was initially approaching this with max-width:100%;max-height:100%; height:auto; but those styles are overwritten by the BS embed code. I assume the trick to getting this "right" will be specifying custom css at the breakpoints. I am fine with the video's aspect being changed as the video content isn't the focus of the site, more for aesthetics. So, how to get around the fixed aspect part of videos and keep the video contained within the container? Live example here: http://138.197.1.44:8080

    submitted by /u/nizzok
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    [Question] What's your workflow for image compression?

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 05:50 AM PST

    I ask as there's so many ways to handle this and not sure what the best approach is. Some designers export as lossless and then run the resulting imagery through Imageoptim or a similar app. I personally try and squeeze as much out of the weight of the image when exporting from my graphics application and then run it through a compression tool after. Curious what other people's workflow is for this.

    Thanks!

    submitted by /u/friendofmany
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    Thinking to move on to jQuery because JavaScript is hard

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 01:15 PM PST

    Have started learning JavaScript 2 months ago and it's been very hard at the beginning but have improved in some basic stuffs, but when it comes to building some other projects JavaScript is killing me honestly with so many line of codes to write. I was trying to make an animation slide-in when I scroll an amount of height and element will slide in from left, but the code I found with Vanilla JS was with 50 lines for just animating an element. And when I searched with jQuery I found it was with only 17 lines and more easy to do even I haven't started learning jQuery.

    Vanilla JavaScript looks easier for me to make modals,image slideshow and some basic stuffs, but when it comes to create some other projects like animations,effects,login forms and different projects with jQuery it looks more easier and for me as a beginner everytime I search for a problem with Vanilla JS it shows mostly of time 90% jQuery posts on Stackoverflow,Reddit,YouTube etc and with Vanilla JS you cannot find so much help and that makes me struggle and i get stuck then.

    So this is why I'm thinking to move on jQuery and learn jQuery as it seems more easier and less code to do because with Vanilla JavaScript believe me I get stuck 2-3 hours with some projects that lose my motivation.

    What are your comments on jQuery about your experience, how many months later you moved to jQuery after learning JavaScript and how ofter you use it, because i am desperate to learn but Vanilla JavaScript is so hard and takes a lot more time.

    submitted by /u/merdianii
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    Are there any compelling reason to use Mongo/no-sql over Postgres?

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 05:42 AM PST

    I recently migrated a Mongo project over to Postgres because dealing with JWT and Mongo simultaneously from a Rails API was like pulling teeth. Now I can handle everything in a sane way while using JSONB fields to have the exact same flexibility Mongo offered, but with a relational heirarchy. At least in my use-case, it's truly best of both worlds.

    I guess I don't see why, with the prevalence of mature drivers and documentation around Postgres + [stack of choice here], anyone bothers with Mongo. Rather than writing off a seemingly popular chunk of technology, I'm more interested in hearing where it truly shines brighter than the alternative.

    submitted by /u/balls_of_glory
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    Playback of an audio stream on web

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 01:12 PM PST

    I'm working on a project that has the following structure:

    • iOS app sends raw audio frames to Python script via UDP
    • Python takes these frames and adds them to the end of a .wav file
    • In effect, this .wav file is just being appended to as new frames are created

    I was under the impression that this was enough to use an HTML `<audio>` tag and use that .wav file as the source, and that it would recognize that the constantly-updated .wav file is a stream. However, I can't get it to playback like that -- when I open the page it just shows it as 0:05 or however long the .wav file is as the time of loading. I can play the file, but as a regular audio file and not a live feed.

    See a more in-depth description of how I'm implementing this on StackOverflow -- feel free to answer there to get some SO karma!

    Do I need to do something special to get my frontend to recognize this as a live-stream? Or is my premise incorrect, that a constantly-updated .wav file doesn't represent a stream. If that is the case, what should I be trying to create in my Python script instead?

    submitted by /u/knolllabs
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    Is there a full work-around for background-position: fixed on mobile?

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 01:09 PM PST

    I've asked around and done my fair share of googling. There is supposedly a good answer on Stack Overflow, but I've yet to find one that will allow me to do what I want to do.

     

    skinnervideo.com is the website I'm working on and it works the way it should on Chrome. As you can see, I've styled it so that it looks like the background image was cut with scissors and the content goes in the cut as the user scrolls. This allows content to slide UNDER the header, while still having a background image that covers the whole page. I hope that makes sense. It should when you see the website. Is there any way to make this work on mobile? Here is the repo if anyone wants to see the code:

     

    P.S. I'm aware I need to make my images smaller and probably lazy-load them but for now, I'm trying to just get this solved. Any help is greatly appreciated. Thanks!

    submitted by /u/thenixnerd
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